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Preposition and phrasal-verb blanks

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⏱ 4 min read🧩 6 question types🎯 13 practice Q
The idea in one minute

Preposition blanks are about fixed pairs. The word before or after the blank decides the answer. Phrasal verbs are a verb plus a small word, and the small word changes the meaning. Find the governing word, recall its partner, and never translate from your own language.

01

Preposition blanks

English fixes a preposition to many verbs, adjectives and nouns. Logic rarely helps, because the pair is a convention.

Rule: Find the word that governs the blank. Then recall its fixed partner.

  • depend on, insist on, congratulate on
  • afraid of, fond of, aware of
  • good at, angry with (a person) or at (a thing), married to
  • reason for, solution to, influence on, rise in
02

Fixed pairs to learn

Governing wordCorrect pairWrong pair to avoid
ashamedashamed ofashamed for
respondrespond torespond on
apply (an organisation)apply to a bankapply on
apply (a post)apply for a postapply to a post
dependdepend ondepend from
preventprevent from + -ingprevent to
insistinsist on + -inginsist to
smellsmell of garlicsmell with
arrivearrive at a place, in a cityarrive to
marriedmarried tomarried with
accordingaccording to recordsaccording with
in spitein spite ofin spite from

Different from is the standard form in formal writing.

03

Time and place words

  • at a clock time or a point: at 6 p.m., at noon, at night, at the gate.
  • on a day or a date: on Sunday, on 15 August. Also a surface: on the table.
  • in a long period or an enclosed space: in June, in 2019, in the morning, in the room, in India.
  • Since gives a point in time (since 2020). For gives a length (for five years).

Watch: It is in 2024 but on 15 August 2024.

04

Phrasal verbs: the particle is the meaning

A phrasal verb is a verb plus a particle. The particle changes the meaning.

Phrasal verbMeaning
look after / look intotake care of / investigate
look down upon / look up todespise / admire
put off / put up withpostpone / tolerate
call off / turn downcancel / reject
set up / set outestablish / begin a journey
carry out / carry onperform / continue
give way toyield, be replaced by
break out / come acrossbegin suddenly / meet by chance

The particle also carries a direction. Up often means completing. Off suggests cancelling or leaving. Out suggests eruption or giving out. Down suggests rejecting or writing.

05

Method for these blanks

  1. Read the word before the blank and the phrase after it.
  2. If a fixed pair exists, the pair decides.
  3. For a phrasal verb, say the needed meaning first. Then match the particle.
  4. For time and place, classify the noun: point, day or period.

Tip: Replace the phrasal verb with one simple verb in your head. Look after becomes tend. If the meaning breaks, the option is wrong.

06

Question types you will see

Each type: how to recognise it, the method step by step, and one question to try.

Type 1very common4 practice Q

Preposition after a verb or adjective (fixed pair)

How to spot it:

The blank comes right after a verb or adjective such as fond, depend, afraid or good.

Method
  1. Find the word before the blank.

  2. Recall its fixed partner.

  3. Choose that preposition.

Why it works:

The pair is a convention, so meaning does not help.

Try this

She is fond ___ classical music. Options: of / at / with / to.

Show solution
  1. The governing word is fond.

  2. The fixed pair is fond of.

Answer

of

Type 2very common4 practice Q

Preposition of time or place

How to spot it:

The blank comes before a time or a place word.

Method
  1. Classify the noun: clock point, day or date, long period, enclosed place.

  2. Match: at, on, in.

  3. Check the options.

Why it works:

Each type of noun has its own preposition.

Try this

The class starts ___ 9 a.m. Options: at / on / in / by.

Show solution
  1. 9 a.m. is a clock point.

  2. A clock point takes at.

Answer

at

Type 3very common2 practice Q

Phrasal verb blank

How to spot it:

The blank is a verb plus a particle. Several options share the same verb.

Method
  1. Say in plain words what the sentence needs.

  2. Match that meaning with one option.

  3. Reject options that share only the verb.

Why it works:

The particle changes the meaning of the verb.

Try this

Residents are paid a small sum to ___ the trees outside their homes. Options: look after / look into / look down upon / look up to.

Show solution
  1. The sentence needs the idea of taking care.

  2. Look after means take care of.

Answer

look after

Type 4common2 practice Q

Preposition inside a fixed phrase

How to spot it:

The blank is inside a set phrase such as in spite of or according to.

Method
  1. Spot the fixed phrase.

  2. Recall the exact wording.

  3. Choose the missing word.

Why it works:

Fixed phrases never change their small words.

Try this

They played in spite ___ the rain. Options: of / from / with / to.

Show solution
  1. The blank sits inside a set phrase.

  2. The fixed phrase is in spite of.

Answer

of

Type 5common

Preposition before -ing (prevent from, insist on)

How to spot it:

The blank sits before a verb ending in -ing, after a word like prevent, insist or good.

Method
  1. Find the governing verb or adjective.

  2. Recall its preposition.

  3. Keep -ing after the preposition.

Why it works:

A preposition is followed by -ing, and the governing word fixes the preposition.

Try this

The guard prevented him ___ entering the hall. Options: from / to / of / for.

Show solution
  1. The pair is prevent ... from.

  2. Entering is the -ing form after it.

Answer

from

Type 6occasional

Apply to or apply for

How to spot it:

The blank follows apply. The options are to and for.

Method
  1. Ask: is the next word an organisation or a post?

  2. An organisation takes to.

  3. A post takes for.

Why it works:

The same verb takes different prepositions with different nouns.

Try this

She applied ___ the post of clerk. Options: for / to / on / at.

Show solution
  1. The next word is a post.

  2. A post takes for.

Answer

for

07

Shortcuts that save time

⚡ Governor chant

Underline the word that governs the blank and say its partner: depend on, afraid of, good at, solution to. About ten pairs cover most exam prepositions.

Example

Residents are paid a small sum to ___ the trees outside their homes. Options: look after / look into / look down upon / look up to.

Show solution
  1. Paying someone to care for trees.

  2. Look after means take care of.

  3. Look into means investigate.

Answer

look after

⚡ Particle direction sense

Ask what the sentence does to the object. Does it cancel it (call off), reject it (turn down) or build it (set up)? The particle shows the direction of the action.

⚡ Substitute the simple verb

Replace the phrasal verb with a one-word verb in your head. The sentence must keep its meaning. If it does not, that option is wrong.

08

Mistakes to avoid

Where most students lose marks on this subtopic.

Mistake 01

Choosing a preposition by feel, or from your mother tongue.

Find the English governing word and recall its fixed partner.

Mistake 02

Breaking a phrasal verb: give way without to when the sentence needs give way to.

Treat verb + particle as one unit and check what follows.

Mistake 03

Mixing between and among.

Use between for two items. Use among for a group.

Mistake 04

Writing on for a year or in for a date.

It is in 2024 but on 15 August 2024.

Mistake 05

Accepting a phrasal verb only because it contains a familiar verb.

State the needed meaning first. Then choose the particle.

09

Quick revision

Read this the night before the exam.

  • Fixed pairs decide: ashamed of, respond to, depend on, married to, according to, in spite of.

  • apply to an organisation. apply for a post.

  • at a point, on a day, in a period or an enclosure.

  • For a phrasal verb, decide the meaning first, then the particle.

  • look after (care for) is not look into (investigate).

  • Two items take between. A group takes among.

  • Never translate a preposition from your mother tongue.

10

Practice: 13 questions

Sets of 10, mixed across the question types above. Every answer has a step-by-step explanation.

Topic test · 13 questions

Suggested time 8 min · wrong answers go to your mistake notebook automatically.