Indian Geography
🔒 Log in to trackIndia's location, physiography, passes, rivers and dams, monsoon, soils, crops, minerals and national parks. CGL asks 2-3 direct factual questions here in almost every shift — mostly 'X is located in / built on / famous for' one-liners.
One page per subtopic: detailed notes, every question type, formulas, tricks and practice sets.
Every formula on one printable page, grouped by subtopic.
4 exam-level questions worked step by step.
118 questions — untimed practice or a timed test with analysis.
Track record in the exam
Questions per shift in recent SSC CGL papers.
Test difficulty mix (118 questions)
Question patterns exams keep repeating
Taken from previous-year papers. If a pattern is marked "very common", expect to see it in your exam.
Dam, park or pass and its state or river
very commonA dam or park is named, and its river or state is asked.
Dams: Hirakud = Mahanadi, Tehri = Bhagirathi, Bhakra = Sutlej, Sardar Sarovar = Narmada.
Parks: rhino = Kaziranga, lion = Gir.
On which river is the Sardar Sarovar dam built?
The dam is in Gujarat
It is built on a river that flows west
That river is the Narmada
Narmada
River source and meeting points
very common"Which river rises at Amarkantak?" or "Devprayag is where..."
Sources: Godavari = Trimbakeshwar, Krishna = Mahabaleshwar, Kaveri = Talakaveri, Narmada = Amarkantak.
Five Prayags on the Alaknanda: Vishnu, Nand, Karna, Rudra, Dev.
The Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda meet at which place?
Two rivers join at Devprayag
They are the Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda
From here the river is called the Ganga
Devprayag
Soil types and crops
common"Which soil is formed by leaching?" or "black soil is best for..."
Black soil is made from basalt and suits cotton.
Laterite forms by leaching and suits tea and cashew. Alluvial suits rice and wheat.
Which soil is formed by heavy leaching in hot, wet regions?
Heavy rain washes out the minerals (leaching)
What is left is rich in iron and aluminium
This soil is laterite
Laterite
Borders and the Tropic of Cancer
common"Longest border is with..." or "which state is not on the Tropic of Cancer?"
Border length order: Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan, Afghanistan.
Tropic of Cancer states: Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram.
India's longest land border is with which country?
Bangladesh: about 4,100 km
China is next, then Pakistan
Bangladesh touches West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram
Bangladesh
Crop seasons
common"Which is a rabi crop?" or "Operation Flood is linked with..."
Kharif is sown in the monsoon (rice, cotton, jute, maize).
Rabi is sown in winter (wheat, gram, mustard).
Which of these is a rabi crop: rice, cotton, wheat, jute?
Rabi crops are sown in winter
Rice, cotton and jute are kharif crops
Wheat is sown in winter
Wheat
Mineral, refinery or port
occasional"Jharia is famous for..." or "which port is a riverine port?"
Jharia = coking coal, Neyveli = lignite, Digboi = first oil refinery, Khetri = copper.
Ports: Kandla = tidal, Chennai = artificial, Kolkata = riverine.
Which Indian port is known as a riverine port?
A riverine port lies on a river, inland from the sea
Kolkata stands on the Hugli river
The port is now named after Syama Prasad Mookerjee
Kolkata
Local winds and storms
occasional"Mango showers occur in..." or "Kalbaisakhi is common in..."
Loo = hot wind of north India. Mango showers = Kerala and Karnataka.
Kalbaisakhi = West Bengal and Assam. Western disturbances = winter rain for wheat.
The pre-monsoon thunderstorms called Kalbaisakhi are most common in which region?
Kalbaisakhi storms come in March to May
They hit the east and north-east
They help tea and jute in West Bengal and Assam
West Bengal and Assam